STD-5, CHAPTER-5: FOOD AND HEALTH, EXERCISE QUESTION ANSWERS

 A.     FILL IN THE BLANKS.

1.      A _______ is any defect or abnormality found in the body.

Ans: disease

2.      Children, in the age group of ______ years, often, suffer from protein-carbohydrate deficiency disease.

Ans: 6 months to 3 years

3.       Minerals are present in _______ amounts in our body.

Ans: small

4.       The disease, that causes enlargement of glands in the neck, is known as ______.

Ans: goitre

5.      The diseases, that get spread through insects, air, water and soil, are known as _____ diseases.

Ans: communicable

B.      MATCH THE FOLLOWING:

 

1.      Anaemia                            a. Vitamin C

2.      Night blindness                b. Iodine

3.      Scurvy                                c. Vitamin B

4.      Goitre                                d. Iron

5.      Beri-beri                            e. Vitamin A

      Ans:

1.      Anaemia                           d. Iron

2.      Night blindness               e. Vitamin A

3.      Scurvy                                a. Vitamin C

4.      Goitre                                b. Iodine

5.      Beri-beri                            c. Vitamin B

 

C.      TICK THE CORRECT OPTION.

 

1.      Haemoglobin content becomes less when a person is suffering from -

(a)   goitre                (b) rickets          (c) anaemia           (d) beri-beri

      Ans: anaemia

2.      A person having swollen and bleeding gums, might be suffering from -

(a)   rickets              (b) scurvy           (c) beri-beri           (d) anaemia

      Ans: scurvy

3.      Germs of common cold spread through -  

(a)   air       (b) water        (c) soil       (d) mosquitoes

       Ans: air

4.      Deficiency of proteins and carbohydrates, in the diet of a small child, can lead to –

(a)   Weak bones                      (b) improper growth of body

(c)    Bleeding gums                  (d) bow shaped legs

      Ans: improper growth of body

5.      Legs become bow shaped due to deficiency of -  

(a)   Vitamin A       (b) Vitamin B        (c) Vitamin C       (d) Vitamin D

       Ans: Vitamin D

D.     ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN BRIEF.

 

1.      State the two main categories of diseases.

Ans: The two main categories of diseases are:

i) Communicable diseases

ii) Non-communicable diseases

2.      Write two symptoms of the disease ‘Beri-Beri’.

Ans: Two symptoms of Beri-Beri are,

i) Extreme weakness

ii) Paralysis of body parts

3.      Name any two diseases that are spread through the bite of mosquitoes.

Ans: Two diseases that are spread through the bite of mosquitoes are: Malaria, Dengue.

4.      A girl finds it difficult to see in dimlight and has dry and scaly skin. Name the disease she might be suffering from.

Ans: She might be suffering from Night-blindness.

5.      Why should we not allow water to stagnate around our homes?

Ans: We should not allow water to stagnate around homes as stagnant water is the breeding place of mosquitoes.

E.      ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

 

1.      How does calcium-phosphorus deficiency affect our body?

Ans: Deficiency of Calcium- phosphorus results in,

i) weak teeth lose their shine and whiteness

ii) Weak, soft and fragile bones.

2.      Suggest some measures that can help us to prevent the occurrence of deficiency diseases.

Ans: We can prevent the occurrence of deficiency diseases by following the given suggestions.

i) We should take a balanced diet containing all types of nutrients.

ii) We must follow good food practices and habits.

iii) Children must be given adequate amount of milk, milk products, and additional food items like juices, soft-boiled rice, porridge, etc.

3.      How can we prevent the spread of germs from a sick person to a healthy person?

Ans: We can prevent the spread of Communicable by observing the following precautions:

i) All the articles and clothes of infected person should be disinfected.

ii) One must always cover the nose or mouth while sneezing or coughing.

iii) The surrounding must be kept clean and hygienic.

iv) Water must not be allowed to stagnate around homes.

v) We should change the water in room coolers, flower pots and other containers after every 3-4 days.

vi) Vaccination must be done to prevent many diseases like measles, polio and chickenpox.

4.      Isha was suffering from chicken pox. Her teacher advised her not to come to school till she has recovered completely. Why?

Ans: i) Chicken pox is a communicable disease.

ii) Isha needs proper care and rest to recover.

iii) If she comes to school, then her friends who will come in contact with her, will also get chicken pox.

So, her teacher advised her not to come to school till she has recovered completely.

5.      Why are deficiency diseases called non-communicable diseases?

Ans: i) Diseases that are caused due to some deficiency in our diet, are known as deficiency diseases.

ii) These diseases can not transmit from one person to another.

So, deficiency diseases are called non-communicable diseases.