STD-6, CHAPTER-8: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LIVING ORGANISMS-PLANTS, EXERCISE QAs

 A.     FILL IN THE BLANKS.

1.      Maize, wheat and rice are examples of _____ roots.

Ans: fibrous

2.      Ginger and potato are two examples of modified ______.

Ans: stem

3.      The main function of the ______ is to prepare food for the plant.

Ans: leaf

4.      Banyan is an example of _____ roots.

Ans: prop

5.      ______ is the most attractive, and colourful, part of the plant.

Ans: flower

6.      The leaves of cacti are modified into ______.

Ans: spines

7.      The leaf blade is also known as ______.

Ans: lamina

B.      WRITE TRUE OR FALSE FOR THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS.

 

1.      All plants possess the tap root system.                                                                     False

2.      The wheat and maize plants have a fibrous root system.                                     True

3.      Cactus plants photosynthesise through their stems.                                             True

4.      Leaves manufacture food for themselves.                                                               False

5.      Flower is meant for the reproduction of the plant.                                               True

6.      The pistil is the female part of a flower.                                                                   True

7.      Stigma and ovary have no role in reproduction of plants.                                    False

8.      Seeds store food for the future plant.                                                                       True

C.      TICK THE CORRECT OPTION.

 

1.      The roots, that are consumed as food, are-

(a)   Onion and sweet potato

(b)   Carrot and onion

(c)    Beet and turnip

(d)   Potato and radish      

      Ans: beet and turnip

2.      The plants manufacture food through the process of-

(a)   Transpiration

(b)   Water conduction

(c)    Photosynthesis

(d)   respiration           

      Ans: photosynthesis

3.      Leaves are attached to the stem at the-  

(a)   Nodes

(b)   Pedicel

(c)    Internode

(d)   stalk      

       Ans: nodes

4.      The total number of whorls, in a flower, is/are–

(a)   One

(b)   Two

(c)    Three

(d)   four                                   

      Ans: four

5.      The reproductive organ, of a plant, is the-

(a)   Flower

(b)   leaf

(c)    seed

(d)   root

      Ans: flower

6.      The part of the flower, that provides protection to the bud, before it blooms-

(a)   sepal

(b)   petals

(c)    stamen

(d)   pistil

      Ans: sepal

D.     ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN BRIEF.

 

1.      Name the two main systems of a plant.

Ans: The main systems of a plant are, The Root System and The Shoot System.

2.      Name the different parts of the shoot system.

Ans: The different parts of the shoot system are, stem, branches, flowers, fruits, leaves etc.

3.      Name different types of modified stems.

Ans: Different types of modified stems are,

i) Potato, ginger (food storage stems)

ii) Grapes and Pea tendrils (supporting stems)

iii) Cactus (food preparing stems)

4.      State the role of spines – the modified leaves.

Ans: i) The spines protect the plant from grazing animals.

ii) They also reduce the loss of water during excessively hot climates.

5.      Name the different parts of a flower.

Ans: The different parts of a flower are, pedicel, sepals, petals, stamen and pistil/carpel.

6.      Give the meaning of the term ‘pollination’.

Ans: The process of transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma is called as pollination.

E.      ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.

 

1.      State the differences between the two main systems of a plant.

Ans: i) The main systems of a plant are, The Root System and The Shoot System.

ii) The root system grows below the ground. But, the shoot system lies above the soil.

2.      Define root system. Give two functions of roots.

Ans: The Root System is that part of the plant which grows below the ground.

Functions of roots:

i) Root fixes the plant to the soil.

ii) Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil

3.      Define shoot system. Give two functions of the stem.

Ans: The part of the plant, which is found above the soil, is known as its shoot system.

Functions of the stem:

i) It keeps the plant straight and upright.

ii) It transports water and minerals, absorbed by the roots, to all parts of the plant.

4.      How is a tap root different from a fibrous root? Give one example of each type.

Ans: i) In tap root system, there is one main root and smaller lateral roots grows out of the main root. Example, Carrot.

ii) In fibrous root system, there is no main root. Several roots grow out from the base of the stem which are almost similar in size. Example, Rice.

5.      What is a leaf? Draw a diagram showing different parts of a leaf.

Ans: The leaf is the green coloured, thin, broad and flat part of a plant.

                           

6.      Name any two types of stem modifications, giving one example for each type.

Ans: i) Stem modified for storing food: Example, In Potato the stem lies underground and it stores food.

ii) Stem modified for manufacturing food: Example, in Cactus the stem is green in colour and prepares food.

7.      Name the two parts of a stamen. State the functions of each of these two parts,

Ans: The two parts of a stamen are: Anther and Filament.

i) The filament provides support to the anther.

ii) The anther produces pollen grains.

8.      What are the functions of a fruit?

Ans: The functions of a fruit are as follows:

i) It protects the seed against injury and other unfavourable climatic conditions.

ii) It helps in the dispersal of seeds.

iii) It stores food material, as in the case of tomato, apple and mango.

iv) Fruits are the edible part of a plant.