STD-5, CHAPTER-7: IMPORTANCE OF WATER, EXTRA QUESTION ANSWERS

1.      State the uses of water.

Ans: i) We use water for drinking and other household activities like washing, bathing, cooking, cleaning and so on.

ii) Water is also used for irrigating the fields, generating electricity and for transportation.

2.      The human body contains _____percentage of water.

Ans: Human body contains about 70% water.

3.      Name any two water bodies that exist on the surface of earth.

Ans: Two water bodies that exist on the surface of earth are rivers, oceans and seas.

4.      How does water help in excretion of waste material from animal bodies?

Ans: i) The animal body produces waste materials.

ii) These waste materials get dissolved in water and are excreted in the form of urine.

5.      Describe the ways in which water is important for animals.

Ans: i) Water helps in the process of digestion of food.

ii) The nutrients present in food get dissolved in water. This helps their bodies to absorb nutrients.

iii) Water also help in excretion of waste material from animal bodies.

iv) Water is also a habitat for many animals.

6.       What are aquatic animals?

Ans: Animals living in water are called aquatic animals.

7.      Name some aquatic animals.

Ans: Fish, whale, seahorse, prawn and octopus are some aquatic animals.

8.      What are amphibious animals?

Ans: Animals that can live both in water and on land, are called amphibious animals.

9.      Name some amphibious animals.

Ans: Frog, Turtle and crocodile are some amphibious animals.

10.  List any four ways in which water is important for plants.

Ans: i) Water provides nutrients to plants in dissolved form.

ii) Water also helps in transporting nutrients to various parts of the plant.

iii) Plants require water for photosynthesis process.

iv) Plants require water for germination of seeds.

v) Water is also a habitat for many plants.

11.  What are aquatic plants?

Ans: Plants growing in water, are called as aquatic plants.

12.  Name some aquatic plants.

Ans: Water lily, lotus, water hyacinth, duckweed, water lettuce and hydrilla, are some aquatic plants.

13.  Kamal kakri is the ______ of the lotus plant.

Ans: Stem

14.  How do plants absorb water from the soil?

Ans: Plants absorb water from the soil with the help of their roots.

15.  What percentage of water is present in seas and oceans?

Ans: About 97% of water is present in seas and oceans.

16.  What percentage of water is present in rivers, lakes, ponds, streams and glaciers?

Ans: About 3% of water is present in rivers, lakes, ponds, streams and glaciers.

17.  What is ground water?

Ans: Water, present below the earth’s surface, is called as ground water.

18.  State the methods of drawing out ground water.

Ans: Ground water can be drawn out in many ways, like: i) From baolis or stepwells

ii) With the help of a water wheel or rehat.

iii) From a well using a pulley

iv) From tubewells.

19.  What is a stepwell?

Ans: i) A stepwell is a well having steps on all sides.

ii) This enables people to go down to fetch water.

20.  How can ground water be drawn out through tubewells?

Ans: i) In a tubewell, a long pipe is inserted deep into the ground where it dips below the ground water level.

ii) Water is then drawn up by using a hand pump or an electric pump.

21.  How is water supplied in cities?

Ans: i) There are well-planned water supply systems that supply water to homes and offices in the cities.

ii) In such systems, the river water is usually purified by a series of processes that make it fir for drinking.

iii) This purified water is then sent to homes and offices through a network of pumps and pipes. 

STD-3, CHAPTER - 5: ANIMALS, EXTRA QUESTION ANSWERS

1.      What do you mean domestic animals?

Ans: Those animals who live in and around our home, are called domestic animals.

2.      Give five examples of domestic animals.

Ans: Five examples of domestic animals are, dog, cat, cow, goat and pig.

3.      What do you mean by wild animals?

Ans: Those animals who do not live in or around our home and usually live in forests, are called wild animals.

4.      Give some examples of wild animals.

Ans: Some examples of wild animals are, lion, tiger, Rhino, deer, kangaroo etc.

5.      Name the animal who guards our house.

Ans: Dog guards our house.

6.      Name the animals who give us milk.

Ans: Cow and goat give us milk.

7.      Name the animal which has a horn on its head.

Ans: Rhino has a horn on its head.

8.      Name the bird which has a light green colour body and a red beak.

Ans: Parrot has a green colour body and a red beak.

9.      Define “habitat”.

Ans: A place where an animal lives is called its habitat.

10.  How the animals are classified on the basis of their habitat?

Ans: Animals are classified as, Land animals, Water animals and Aerial animals, on the basis of their habitat.

11.  Define “Terrestrial animals”.

Ans: Animals living on land are also called terrestrial animals.

12.  Name some terrestrial animals who live in plains.

Ans: Horse, cow, buffalo, dog, cat, donkey are some of the animals who live in plains.

13.  Name some animals living in deserts.

Ans: Camel, snake, lizard are some of the animals living in deserts.

14.  State the special features which help a camel to live in a desert.

Ans: i) Camels can tolerate high temperatures.

ii) Camels can store water and food in their bodies.

iii) Camels have padded feet that help them to walk on sand.

15.  Which type of feet do camels have?

Ans: Camels have padded feet.

16.  Which feature helps camels to walk on sand?

Ans: Camels have padded feet that help them to walk on sand.

17.  Which feature helps camels to live without water for many days?

Ans: Camels can store water and food in their bodies. This helps them to live without water for many days.

18.  How do lizards and snakes move on the ground?

Ans: Lizards and snakes crawl on the ground.

19.  How do lizards and snakes escape the heat of the desert?

Ans: Lizards and snakes live in burrows. This helps them to escape the heat of the desert.

20.  What are burrows?

Ans: Burrows are the small hollow areas under the earth.

21.  Name any two things that forests provide to animals.

Ans: Forests provide food and shelter to animals.

22.  Name some animals who live in forests.

Ans: Animals like tiger, zebra, elephant, giraffe, deer, kangaroo, live in the forests.

23.  How do skin colours and body patterns of some animals help to save them from danger?

Ans: The colour of the skin and body patterns of some animals, help them to merge with their surroundings and thereby, protecting them from danger.

24.  Where the cold regions of earth located?

Ans: The cold regions are located near the north and south poles of the earth.  

25.  Name some animals living in the snow covered areas.

Ans: Some animals who live in the snow covered areas are, polar bear, snow leopard, penguin, arctic hare.

26.  How the polar bear and snow leopard protect themselves from cold?

Ans: Polar bear and snow leopard have thick fur to protect their bodies from cold.

27.  Name some water bodies.

Ans: Ponds, lakes, rivers and oceans are some water bodies.

28.  Name some fresh water bodies.

Ans: Some fresh water bodies are, lakes, ponds and rivers.

29.  Name some salty water bodies.

Ans: Seas, oceans and some lakes are the examples of salty water bodies.

30.  Define aquatic animals.

Ans: Animals living in water are called aquatic animals.

31.  Give some examples of aquatic animals.

Ans: Fish, dolphins, whales, octopus, seal, jellyfish, shark, are some examples of aquatic animals.

32.  Name some animals who live in fresh water bodies.

Ans: Fish, like catla, labeo, trout, piranha, live in fresh water bodies.

33.  Name some animals who live in salty water bodies.

Ans: Animals, like whale, shark, turtle, starfish and jellyfish, live in salty water bodies.

34.  Name some land animals who stays in water for most of the time.

Ans: Frogs, toads, crocodile, turtle are some of the land animals who stays in water for most of the time.

35.  Why do frogs need water?

Ans: Frogs need water for laying eggs.

36.  Which feature helps frog to stay in water?

Ans: i) Frogs have webbed feet for swimming.

ii) Frogs can also breathe in water.

37.  Which feature helps turtles to swim in water?

Ans: Turtles have flippers for swimming.

38.  What are flippers?

Ans: Flippers are the paddle like organs for swimming.

39.  When do the turtles come to land?

Ans: Turtles come to land when they have to lay eggs.

40.  The crocodile lives near water and can also swim. Is it a water animal or land animal?

Ans: Crocodile is a land animal.

41.  How the crocodile moves in water?

Ans: The crocodile crawls on the ground.

42.  Where do dolphins live?

Ans: Dolphins live in oceans.

43.  Why are dolphins considered to be intelligent animals?

Ans: Dolphins can easily learn to perform tricks and play games. So, dolphins are considered to be intelligent animals.

44.  Name some friendly animals.

Ans: Dogs, cats are friendly animals.

45.  Why dogs, cats are called friendly animals?

Ans: Dogs, cats like to interact and play with humans. They also love their masters.  So, they are friendly animals.

46.  Name some shy animals.

Ans:  Deer, orangutans, tigers and snakes, are shy animals.

47.  Why deer/tiger/ orangutans/ snakes, are called shy animals?

Ans: Because they do not like to interact with humans. Humans, also try to avoid most of such animals. So, they are called shy animals.

STD-4, CHAPTER-6 : INSECTS, EXTRA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1.      What are insects?

Ans: Tiny creatures around us are called insects.

2.      Give some examples of insects.

Ans: Houseflies, mosquitoes, butterflies, grasshoppers, beetles and bees, are some examples of insects.

3.      _______ are the largest group of animals on the earth.

Ans: Insects

4.      Give some characteristics of insects.

Ans:i) Insects do not have bones.

ii) All insects have three pairs of legs, that is, six legs in all.

iii) Many of them two pairs of membranous wings that help them to fly.

5.      Name some insects which get attracted towards fresh flowers.

Ans: Butterflies, honeybees and bumblebees, get attracted towards fresh flowers.

6.      Define pollination.

Ans: The process, of shifting of pollen grains from one place to another, is called pollination.

7.      How do insects help in pollination?

Ans: When insects sit on flowers, pollen grains stick to their legs or wings and get transferred to another place. Thus, insects help in pollination.

8.      Why are bees, ants called social insects?

Ans: Insects like bee, ants and termites live in well-organized colonies. They are called social insects.

9.      Name some useful insects.

Ans: Honeybee, silk moth, lac insect and lady bird beetle are some useful insects.

10.  Where do honeybees build their hives?

Ans: Honeybees build their hives on trees and roofs of old buildings.

11.  What is nectar?

Ans: The sweet smelling liquid of the flowers is called nectar.

12.  A beehive consists of many six-sided chambers called ______.

Ans: Combs

13.  How do honeybees make honey?

Ans: i) Honeybees suck nectar from flowers and carry it to the hive.

ii) Honeybees store the nectar in the combs of beehive.

iii) The nectar changes into honey in the combs.

14.  Where do bees store the nectar?

Ans: Bees store the nectar in the combs of beehives.

15.  How is honey collected from the beehives?

Ans:i) Honey is collected from a beehive by lighting a fire under it.

ii) The heat and smoke drives the bees out of the hive.

iii) The honey collectors then remove the hive and collect the honey stored in it.

16.   What are drones?

Ans: The male bees are called as drones.

17.  There is only one _____ in a beehive.

Ans: Queen bee

18.  Name the insect that gives us silk. What does it feed on?

Ans: Silk moth gives us silk. It feeds on mulberry leaves.

19.  How are cocoons formed?

Ans: The silk moth secretes a liquid which changes into a fine thread.

ii) The moth weaves a cover around itself with this thread. This cover is called a cocoon. Thus, a cocoon is formed.

20.  What is the difference between apiculture and sericulture?

Ans:i) Rearing or breeding of honeybees for collection of honey is called apiculture.

ii) Rearing of silkworms for getting silk is called sericulture.

21.  Lac insects usually grow on ______ trees.

Ans: Banyan trees

22.  What is lac? State its four uses.

Ans: i) The semi-solid substance secreted by lac insect is called Lac.

ii) Lac is used in paints, varnishes, printing ink, and for making bangles.

23.  How do lady bird beetles help plants?

Ans: Lady bird beetles eat a large number of pests that are harmful for plants. Thus, it protects the plants from pests.

24.  Name some harmful insects.

Ans: Houseflies, mosquitoes, head lice, bed bug, dog flea, cat flea, rats, are the harmful insects.

25.  Name the diseases that get spread by houseflies.

Ans: Houseflies spread diarrhea, cholera, jaundice, etc.

26.  Which organ gets infected in cholera disease?

Ans: Intestine gets infected in cholera disease.

27.  Which organ is infected in Jaundice?

Ans: Liver is infected in jaundice.

28.  Why should we not eat uncovered food?

Ans: We should not eat uncovered food as it is likely to have germs in it.

29.  How do houseflies spread diseases?

Ans: i) When houseflies sit on garbage or animal excreta, they gather germs on their feet and bodies.

ii) When these flies sit on any food item, the germs are passed on to the food.

iii) These disease causing germs get transmitted to the humans when they consume such infected food or water.

30.  Name the diseases that are spread by mosquitoes.

Ans: Mosquitoes spread malaria and dengue.

31.  Name the mosquito that spreads malaria.

Ans: Female Anopheles mosquito

32.  Name the mosquito that spreads dengue.

Ans: Aedes mosquito 

33.  How do mosquitoes spread diseases?

Ans:i) When a mosquito bites a sick person, it sucks the infected blood.

ii) When this mosquito bites a healthy person, it transfers the germs of the disease into the blood of that person.

Thus, the mosquitoes spread diseases.

34.  What are fleas?

Ans: Some blood sucking insects are wingless. Such insects are known as fleas.

35.  What causes Bubonic plague?

Ans: Fleas, found on rodents like rats, can spread Bubonic plague.

36.  Name some stinging insects.

Ans: Bee and wasp are stinging insects.

37.  How many legs does a spider have?

Ans: A spider has eight legs.

38.  How a spider is different from an insect?

Ans: A spider has eight legs whereas insects have six legs only.

39.  How does a spider make its web?

Ans: A spider secretes a liquid from its mouth, which changes into a very thin thread, when it comes in contact with air.

40.  How can we save ourselves from harmful insects?

Ans: i) We should maintain cleanliness and hygiene.

ii) We can get rid of harmful insects by using natural methods, or by using chemicals, called insecticides or pesticides.

iii) We often keep dried neem leaves in clothes or apply neem or kerosene oil on wooden furniture. This helps to save them from harmful insects.

iv) Farmers, sometimes, use pesticides, for saving their crops.